Arnold Schoenberg
Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, ; ; 13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. As a Jewish composer, Schoenberg was targeted by the Nazi Party, which labeled his works as degenerate music and forbade them from being published. He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941.Schoenberg's approach, both in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of 20th-century musical thought. Many composers from at least three generations have consciously extended his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against it.
Schoenberg was known early in his career for simultaneously extending the traditionally opposed German Romantic styles of Brahms and Wagner. Later, his name would come to personify innovations in atonality (although Schoenberg himself detested that term) that would become the most polemical feature of 20th-century classical music. In the 1920s, Schoenberg developed the twelve-tone technique, an influential compositional method of manipulating an ordered series of all twelve notes in the chromatic scale. He also coined the term developing variation and was the first modern composer to embrace ways of developing motifs without resorting to the dominance of a centralized melodic idea.
Schoenberg was also an influential teacher of composition; his students included Alban Berg, Anton Webern, Hanns Eisler, Egon Wellesz, Nikos Skalkottas and later John Cage, Lou Harrison, Earl Kim, Robert Gerhard, Leon Kirchner, Dika Newlin, Oscar Levant, Vilma von Webenau, and other prominent musicians. Many of Schoenberg's practices, including the formalization of compositional method and his habit of openly inviting audiences to think analytically, are echoed in avant-garde musical thought throughout the 20th century. His often polemical views of music history and aesthetics were crucial to many significant 20th-century musicologists and critics, including Theodor W. Adorno, Charles Rosen, and Carl Dahlhaus, as well as the pianists Artur Schnabel, Rudolf Serkin, Eduard Steuermann, and Glenn Gould.
Schoenberg's archival legacy is collected at the Arnold Schönberg Center in Vienna. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1970
Published 1970
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2009
Published 2009
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1943
Published 1943
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1980
Published 1980
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1987
Published 1987
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1984
Published 1984
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1995
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1970
Published 1970
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1975
Published 1975
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1964
Published 1964
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1983
Published 1983
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1995
Published 1995
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1964
Published 1964
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1991
Published 1991
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2018
Published 2018
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2016
Published 2016
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Arnold Schoenberg : regards : Musée d'art moderne de la ville de Paris, 28 septembre-3 décembre 1995
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1995
Published 1995
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98
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2016
Published 2016
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99
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1957
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100
by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2016
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