Friedrich Nietzsche
Friedrich Wilhelm Nietzsche ( , or ; 15 October 1844 – 25 August 1900) was a German philosopher. He began his career as a classical philologist before turning to philosophy. He became the youngest person to hold the Chair of Classical Philology at the University of Basel in 1869 at the age of 24, but resigned in 1879 due to health problems that plagued him most of his life; he completed much of his core writing in the following decade. In 1889, at age 44, he suffered a collapse and afterward a complete loss of his mental faculties, with paralysis and probably vascular dementia. He lived his remaining years in the care of his mother until her death in 1897 and then with his sister Elisabeth Förster-Nietzsche. Nietzsche died in 1900, after experiencing pneumonia and multiple strokes.Nietzsche's work spans philosophical polemics, poetry, cultural criticism, and fiction while displaying a fondness for aphorism and irony. Prominent elements of his philosophy include his radical critique of truth in favour of perspectivism; a genealogical critique of religion and Christian morality and a related theory of master–slave morality; the aesthetic affirmation of life in response to both the "death of God" and the profound crisis of nihilism; the notion of Apollonian and Dionysian forces; and a characterisation of the human subject as the expression of competing wills, collectively understood as the will to power. He also developed influential concepts such as the '''' and his doctrine of eternal return. In his later work, he became increasingly preoccupied with the creative powers of the individual to overcome cultural and moral mores in pursuit of new values and aesthetic health. His body of work touched a wide range of topics, including art, philology, history, music, religion, tragedy, culture, and science, and drew inspiration from Greek tragedy as well as figures such as Zoroaster, Arthur Schopenhauer, Ralph Waldo Emerson, Richard Wagner, and Johann Wolfgang von Goethe.
After his death, Nietzsche's sister Elisabeth became the curator and editor of his manuscripts. She edited his unpublished writings to fit her German ultranationalist ideology, often contradicting or obfuscating Nietzsche's stated opinions, which were explicitly opposed to antisemitism and nationalism. Through her published editions, Nietzsche's work became associated with fascism and Nazism. 20th-century scholars such as Walter Kaufmann, R. J. Hollingdale, and Georges Bataille defended Nietzsche against this interpretation, and corrected editions of his writings were soon made available. Nietzsche's thought enjoyed renewed popularity in the 1960s and his ideas have since had a profound impact on 20th- and early 21st-century thinkers across philosophy—especially in schools of continental philosophy such as existentialism, postmodernism, and post-structuralism—as well as art, literature, poetry, politics, and popular culture. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 2011
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1964
Published 1964
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1964
Published 1964
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 2004
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1990
Published 1990
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1952
Published 1952
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 2002
Published 2002
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1909
Published 1909
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1967
Published 1967
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1931
Published 1931
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1979
Published 1979
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1995
Published 1995
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1921
Published 1921
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1992
Published 1992
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 2003
Published 2003
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 2006
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1989
Published 1989
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1990
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1937
Published 1937
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by Nietzsche, Friedrich Wilhelm, 1844-1900
Published 1924
Published 1924
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