Arnold Schoenberg
Arnold Schoenberg or Schönberg (, ; ; 13 September 187413 July 1951) was an Austrian-American composer, music theorist, teacher, writer, and painter. He is widely considered one of the most influential composers of the 20th century. He was associated with the expressionist movement in German poetry and art, and leader of the Second Viennese School. As a Jewish composer, Schoenberg was targeted by the Nazi Party, which labeled his works as degenerate music and forbade them from being published. He emigrated to the United States in 1933, becoming an American citizen in 1941.Schoenberg's approach, both in terms of harmony and development, has shaped much of 20th-century musical thought. Many composers from at least three generations have consciously extended his thinking, whereas others have passionately reacted against it.
Schoenberg was known early in his career for simultaneously extending the traditionally opposed German Romantic styles of Brahms and Wagner. Later, his name would come to personify innovations in atonality (although Schoenberg himself detested that term) that would become the most polemical feature of 20th-century classical music. In the 1920s, Schoenberg developed the twelve-tone technique, an influential compositional method of manipulating an ordered series of all twelve notes in the chromatic scale. He also coined the term developing variation and was the first modern composer to embrace ways of developing motifs without resorting to the dominance of a centralized melodic idea.
Schoenberg was also an influential teacher of composition; his students included Alban Berg, Anton Webern, Hanns Eisler, Egon Wellesz, Nikos Skalkottas and later John Cage, Lou Harrison, Earl Kim, Robert Gerhard, Leon Kirchner, Dika Newlin, Oscar Levant, Vilma von Webenau, and other prominent musicians. Many of Schoenberg's practices, including the formalization of compositional method and his habit of openly inviting audiences to think analytically, are echoed in avant-garde musical thought throughout the 20th century. His often polemical views of music history and aesthetics were crucial to many significant 20th-century musicologists and critics, including Theodor W. Adorno, Charles Rosen, and Carl Dahlhaus, as well as the pianists Artur Schnabel, Rudolf Serkin, Eduard Steuermann, and Glenn Gould.
Schoenberg's archival legacy is collected at the Arnold Schönberg Center in Vienna. Provided by Wikipedia
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 2006
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1975
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1957
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1959
Published 1959
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1985
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1957
Published 1957
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1957
Published 1957
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1958
Published 1958
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1958
Published 1958
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1975
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1962
Published 1962
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1960
Published 1960
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1968
Published 1968
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1975
Published 1975
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Government Document
Book
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1939
Published 1939
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Musical Score
Book
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1929
Published 1929
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Musical Score
Book
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1957
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1961
Published 1961
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by Schoenberg, Arnold, 1874-1951
Published 1958
Published 1958
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